edited by
J.T. Kumpulainen
and J.T. Salonen

This exceptional reference provides comprehensive and up-to-date information on the role of natural antioxidants and anticarcinogens in atherosclerosis, cancer and diabetes prevention.

It presents important new information on

• the presence of various flavonoids found in berries, vegetables, and fruits, and on their antioxidative potencies
• the role of antioxidative vitamins and carotenoids in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancers
• the role of antioxidative vitamins, carotenoids, and flavonoids in aging, atherosclerosis, and diabetes
• the measurement of oxidative stress in humans
• and more

Contents

Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Diseases and Aging

• Antioxidants, lipid peroxidation and cardiovascular diseases
• Antiatherogenicity of antioxidants against LDL oxidation
• Are antioxidants effective in the primary prevention of coronary heart disease?
• Redox imbalance and antioxidant signaling
• Involvement of mitochondria in oxidative stress in aging of intact cells
• Melatonin, nitric oxide and Alzheimer's disease
• The L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway: Role as an antioxidant mechanism of atherosclerosis
• Antioxidant enzyme depletion and nitric oxide alterations: relationship with the risk factors in angiographically disagnosed coronary heart disease
• Lysosomal leakage causes apaptosis following oxidative stress, growth-factor starvation and fas-activation

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Type II Diabetes

• Molecular mechanisms of cellular lipid peroxidation in diabetes
• The biochemical basis of diabetic complications - a role of oxidative stress?
• Antioxidants and diabetes mellitus
• Body iron stores, vitamin E and the risk of type 2 diabetes
• Vitamin C status and oxidative stress in diabetics
• Antioxidant status of insulin dependent diabetics

Dietary Intake, Bioavailability and Antioxidative Effects of Flavonoids and Phenolics

• Desirable vs. harmful levels of intake of flavonoids and phenolic acids
• Antiatherogenicity and antioxidative properties of polyphenolic flavonoids against LDL oxidation
• Antioxidant potency and mode of action of flavonoids and phenolic compounds
• Biomarkers of flavonoid intake in humans
• Dietary flavonoids and antioxidant protection
• Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity of average flavonoids intake in Finland
• Anthocyanins in red wines: Antioxidant activity and bioavailability in humans
• The isoflavan glabridin inhibits LDL oxidation: Structural and mechanistic aspects
• Bioavailability and antioxidant properties of luteolin
• Effects of a flavonoid-rich diet on plasma quercetin and susceptibility of LDL to oxidation
• Comparative in vitro and in vivo free radical scavenging abilities of a novel grape seed proanthocyanidin extract and selected antioxidants
• Effect of parsley intake on urinary apigenin excretion, blood antioxidant enzymes and on biomarkers for oxidative stress in humans
• Effect of fruit juice intake on urinary quercetin excretion and biomarkers of antioxidative status
• Antioxidant activity of hydroxycinnamic acids on human low-density lipoprotein oxidation in vitro
• Radical scavengers and inhibitors of enzymatic lipid peroxidation from plantago major, a medicinal plant
• Isoflavones and plasma lipids in young women - potential effects on HDL
• Flavonoids in herbs determined by HPLC with UV-PDA and MS detection
• Effect of processing on content and antioxidant activity of flavonoids in apple juice
• Protective effect of flavonoids on linoleic acid hydroperoxide-induced toxicity of human endothelial cells
• Synthesis of antioxidant isoflavone fatty acid esters

Antioxidative Effects of Other Natural Antioxidants and Measurement of Oxidative Stress or Damage

• Carotenoids: Modes of action and bioavailability of lycopene in the human
• Antiatherogenic effect of lycopene and beta-carotene: inhibition of LDL oxidation and suppression of cellular cholesterol synthesis
• Beta-carotene normalizes oxidative damage in carotenoid-deplete women
• Prevention of singlet oxygen damage in 2'-deoxyguanosine by lycopene entrapped in human albumin
• Coenzyme Q protection of mitochondrial activities in rat liver under oxidative stress
• Different antioxidant mechanisms of α-tocopherol and L-arginine result in preserved endothelial functrion in hypercholesterolemic rabbits
• Measurement of free radicals in humans by electron spin resonance spectroscopy
• Radioimmunoassays of isoprostanes and prostaglandins as biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation
• Free radical processes in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced carcinogenesis in rats and protective role of melatonin
• protective effects of "sangre de drago" from croton lechleri muell.-arg. on spontaneous lipid peroxidation

Natural Antioxidants or Pro-oxidants in Foods and Nutrition

• Relation of dietary intake and blood antioxidants with antioxidant capacity in healthy non-smoking men
• Drinking green tea leads to a rapid increase in plasma antioxidant potential
• The antioxidant capacity of selected foods and the potential synergisms among their main antioxidant constituents
• Flavonoid content and antioxidant properties of broccoli
• Examination of flavonoid content in Hungarian vegetables
• Avenathramide antioxidants in oats
• Processing of foods containing flavonoids and glucosinolates: Effects on composition and bioactivity
• Measurement of cholesterol oxides in food: Results of an interlaboratory comparison study
• Phytosterol oxides in some samples of pure phytosterols mixture and in a few tablet supplement preparations in Finland
• Formation of sterol oxides in edible oils
• Tocopherols, carotenoids and cholesterol oxides in plasma from women with varying smoking and eating habits
• Importance of in vitro stability for in vivo effects of fish oils
• Enhancement of absorption of vitamin E by sesaminol - an active principle of sesame seed
• Model in vitro studies on the protective activity of tocochromanols with respect to beta-carotene
• The effect of processing on total antioxidative capacity in strawberries
• Quercetin content in berry products
• The antiperoxidative effect of dunaliella beta-carotene isomers

Dietary Intakes and Modes of Action of Potentially Anticarcinogenic Dietary Compounds

• Dietary phytoestrogens - mechanisms of action and possible role in the development of hormonally dependent diseases
• Dietary intakes and levels in body fluids of lignans and isoflavonoids in various populations
• Inhibition of aromatase by flavonoids in cultured jeg-3 cells
• The effect of phytoestrogen-rich foods on urinary output of phytoestrogen metabolites
• Mechanisms of action of the antioxidant lycopene in cancer
• Intakes and modes of action of other anticarcinogenic dietary compounds
• Inhibition of CYPIAI in vitro by berries with different quercetein contents
• Chemoprotective properties of cocoa and rosemary polyp0henols
• Antioxidant compound 4-nerolidylcatechol inhibits in vitro KB cells growth and topoisomerase i activity
• Phytoestrogen profiling from biological samples using HPLC with coulometric electrode array detection

Antioxidants, Oxidative Damage and Cancer

• Dietary cancer prevention: caveats seen by a toxicologist
• Oxidative damage to DNA: a likely cause of cancer?
• Increased fruit and vegetable consumption reduces indices of oxidative DNA damage in lymphocytes and urine
• Elevated DNA damage in lymphocytes from ankylosing spondylitis patients
• Inhibitory effect of citrus extracts on the growth of breast cancer cells in vitro
• The effect of physical processing on protective effect of broccoli in relation to damage to DNA in colonocytes
• Differential effect of a novel grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on cultured human normal and malignant cells
• Reduction of the incidence of metachronous adenomas of the large bowel by means of antioxidants: A double blind randomized trial
• Inhibition of colorectala carcinoma development in min mice by flavonoids

Index

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