Natural Resources Engineering examines physics and engineering aspects related to water, soil, and air quality preservation.

Natural Resources Engineering:

• Stresses fundamentals, building on traditional agricultural engineering soil and water teachings.
• Provides useful Internet addresses and links to sites offering practical tips.
• Aids students and practicing professionals as they prepare to help clients be environmentally friendly while engaging in agricultural production and related commercial activities.

Natural Resources Engineering covers a diverse range of topics on the forefront of natural resources engineering.

Contents

1. Natural Resources Engineering Opportunities

• Defining Natural Resources Engineering and Related Terms
• The Hydrologic Cycle
• Changing Land Uses Due to Societal Forces
• The Scope of Natural Resources Engineering

2. Precipitation

• Precipitation Defined
• Raindrop Characteristics
• Precipitation Mechanisms
• Precipitation Types and Seasonal Effects
• Precipitation Measurement
• Precipitation Analysis
• Introduction to Hydrologic Frequency Analyses: Return Period Analyses
• Pollution Transport by Precipitation

3. Infiltration

• Infiltration, Percolation, and subsurface Flow Defined
• Factors Affecting Infiltration
• Darcy's Law
• Infiltration and Percolation Prediction
• Infiltration Measurement
• Pollutant Transport by Subsurface Flow

4. Evapotranspiration

• Factors Affecting Evaporation
• Evaporation Prediction Appoaches
• Evaporation from Water Surfaces Based Solely on Aerodynamic Effects or Mass Balance
• Evaporation Prediction from the Energy Balance: The Bowen Ratio Method
• Evaporation Prediction Accounting for Aerodynamic Effects and Energy Balance: The Penman-Monteith Combination Equation Method
• Empirical and Approximate Methods for E Prediction
• Physical Analog: The Standard Evaporation Pan
• Evaporation and Evapotranspiration Measurement
• Pollutants and Evaporation

5. Runoff

• Watershed or Catchment Delineation
• Runoff Volume for a Compact Watershed
• Peak Runoff Rate with Compact Watersheds
• Runoff Hydrograph Development
• Impact of Errors on Runoff Assessment

6. Erosion by Water

• Factors Affecting Erosion by Water
• Soil Erosion versus Sediment Yield
• Soil Loss Tolerance
• Types of Water Erosion
• Erosion Mechanics
• Predicting Soil Detachment and Upland Erosion
• The Weighted Factor for Average Annual Erosion Computation
• Prediction of Sediment Yield
• Modeling Approaches for Sediment Yield Prediction
• Erosion Control Practices in Agriculture
• Sediment Control Practices in Construction
• Erosion and Pollution

7. Water Quality and Upland Nonpoint Pollution

• Important Concepts and Selected Pollution Measurement Techniques
• Water Quality Background
• Scale Effects
• Some Best Management Practices for Nonpoint Pollution Abatement
• Quantitative Removal and Renovation of Selected Pollution Constituents

8. Open Channel Hydraulics

• Fundamentals of Hydraulics
• Fluid Statics Review
• Channel Design and Construction

9. Vegetated Waterways

• Channel Planning
• Design Procedures
• Other Design Approaches
• Construction and Maintenance

10. Terraces and Diversions

• Terrace Definitions and Types
• Function of Terraces
• Erosion Terrace Spacing for Erosion Prevention
• Terrance Channel Length, Cross Section, Maximum Grade, and Capacity
• Broadbase and Bench Erosion Terrace Design Summary
• Diversion Terraces and Diversions in Agricultural and Urban Applications
• Diversion Terraces for Construction Site Erosion Control
• Terrace Outlet Selection
• calculations for Tile Outlet Terrace or Sedimentation Pond
• Parallel Terrace System Planning and Design

11. Hydraulics of Water Management Structures

• Structure Types
• Hydraulic Concepts
• Stage-Discharge Relationships of Weir Inlets and Flumes
• Discharge Relations of Orifices and Sluice Gate Inlet Devices
• Stage-Discharge Curves for Culverts and Spillways
• Closed Conduit Systems for Urban Storm Water Collection
• Water Measurement Structures for Irrigation and Aquaculture

12. Impoundments and Embankments

• Soil Fundamentals for Embankment Construction
• Flood Routing through Reservoirs and Related Structures
• General Pond Design
• Spillway Design
• Embankment Safety: Selection of Design Storm

13. Shallow Groundwater Management with Drains and Wells

• Surface Drainage
• Introduction to Subsurface Flow
• Pipe Drainage
• Shallow Wells
• Uniform Infiltration and Drianage to a Nearby Stream

14. Introduction to Irrigation Design

• Irrigation Systems Overview
• Soil-Water-Plant Relations
• Soil Intake Rate
• Water Quality Issues and Leaching Requirement for Crop Production
• Irrigation Efficiency
• Irrigation Scheduling
• Computing ET Requirements
• Effective Rainfall for Agricultural Irrigation
• Irrigation Pumping Rate for Meeting ET Requirements
• Water Rights
• Sprinker Lateral Design for Agricultural Applications
• Center Pivot System Specification
• Design for Nonagricultural Applications
• Microirrigation System Design with Pressure-Compensated Emitters

15. Streamflow Processes and Lake Dynamics

• How Waters are Biologically Impaired
• Predominant Physical Processes
• Biological Processes
• Predominant Nutrient and Chemical Processes

Index

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