Stenting the Urinary System explores all types of stents and the the materials used in their construction.

Features:

• Discusses the development and design of site-specific stents for the urinary tract
• Explores developing permanent stents according to the specialized needs and limitations of the urinary tract
• Covers prevention of stent occlusion caused by hyperplastic tissue growth in permanent mesh stents
• Examines the causes of and possible solutions for reactive proliferative tissue in indwelling stents
• Demonstrates the possibilities of using stents in the vascular system related to the urinary tract

Contents

Introduction

• Urological Stents: Material, Mechanical and Functional Classification
• Evaluating New Medical Technologies: Issues and Opportunities

History of Stents

• History of Ureteral and Urethral Stenting: 1870-1990
• The Double-J: Then and Now
• History of Wallstent
• From Prostakath to Memokath
• History of UroCoil and ProstaCoil Stents
• History and Status of Bioabsorbable and Biodegradable Materials in Urology
• Radiation Protection of Patients and Personnel During Urological Stenting

Stent Materials

• Characteristics of Materials Used in Implants: Metals
• Characteristics of Materials Used in Implants: Polymers
• Bioabsorbable Materials in Urology

Evaluation of Stents

• Methods of Testing the Biocompatibility of Implantable Medical Devices
• Elasticity of Radiopaque Ureteral Stents

Infection and Encrustations of stents

• Surface Modification of Polymeric and Metal Stents Coming Into Contact with Blood or Urine
• Bacterial Adherence to Hydrophilic-coated Polymer Stents
• Bacterial Adhesion to Biogradable Stents
• Urinary Tract Infection in Patients with Urethral Stents
• How to Prevent Encrustations on Metallic Stents

Ureteral Stents: Urological Diseases

• Optimal Management of the Obstructed Kidney: Stent versus Nephrostomy
• Double-J (JJ) Stents Versus Nephrostomy Tube Drainage
• Tricks for Stenting the Obstructed Ureter
• Non-refluxing Ureteral Stents
• Use of Pyelo-ureteral DD Stents in Children
• Design Faults in Currently Available Ureteric Stents
• Minimally Invasive Ureteric Stent Retrieval
• Endo-urological Evaluation and Management of the 'Forgotten' Indwelling Ureteral Stent
• Stenosis: Is Surgery Better Than the Endoscopic Approach?
• Stenting After Antegrade and Retrograde Endopyelotomy
• Stenting After Endopyelotomy in Children
• ESWL: To Stent or Not To Stent?
• Uretero-intestinal Stricture Stenting
• Metallic Stents in the Management of Ureteric Obstruction
• A Stent/Nephrostome for the Management of Post-renal Transplantation Complications
• Recanalization of Metal Ureteral Stents Obliterated by Proliferative Tissue
• Ureteric Stents: Development of A Validated Booklet for Patients

Ureteral Stents: Non-Urological Diseases

• Temporary Ureteral Stenting for the Management of Symptomatic Hydronephrosis During Pregnancy
• Stenting in Benign Gynaecology and Gynaecological Oncology
• Endo-urological Management of Iatrogenic Ureteral Injuries
• Reinforced Endo-ureteral Stent in Tumour-induced Hydronephrosis
• Double-pigtail Stent with Radiopaque Removable Sheath
• Use of Self-expanding Metal Stents in Ureteral Obstruction Due to Malignant Pelvic Disease

Prostatic Stents in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

• The Memokath Thermoexpandable Prostate Stent
• Intra-urethral Catheter (IUC) in the Treatment of Prostatic Obstruction
• Clinical and Cost Comparison of Long-term Catheterization and Memokath Prostatic Stenting
• ProstaCoil in Non-surgical Management of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
• Urolume Stents in the Management of Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
• Urolume Endoprosthesis as an Alternative Treatment of BPH in Inoperable Patients
• Anatomical Limitations of the Prostatic Urethra in Using Cylindrical Stents
• Is There a Role for Permanent Stents in the Treatment of BPH?
• Temporary Prostatic Stenting Using the Barnes Stent
• The Spannerä Temporary Prostatic Stent
• Role of Temporary Stents After Minimally Invasive Treatments for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
• Use of Biodegradable Stents After Visual Laser Ablation of the Prostate

Prostatic Stents in Prostate Cancer

• Relief of Bladder Outlet Obstruction Caused by Prostate Cancer Using a Long-term Intra-urethral Stent (ProstaCoil)
• Permanent Prostatic Stent in the Management of Obstructive Prostate Cancer in High-risk Patients
• External Irradiation for Prostate Cancer in Patients with Urethral Stents

Stents in Urethral Strictures

• Stenting After Urethral Surgery
• Appropriate Stenting in Hypospadias Surgery
• How Do Temporary Urethral Stents Work in Recurrent Urethral Strictures?
• Long-term Results of Urolume Stents in Recurrent Urethral Strictures
• Role of Permanent Stents in the Management of Complex Urethral Strictures
• Treatment of Recurrent Anastomotic Stenoses After Radical Prostatectomy or Radical Cystoprostatectomy and Orthotopic Bladder Replacement with Temporary Stents
• Histological Changes Associated with Stenting the Urinary Tract

Stents in Detrusor-Sphincter Dyssnergia

• Memokath Stent in the Treatment of Detrusor External Sphincter Dyssynergia Following Spinal Cord Injury
• Complications Related to Sphincter Stents Used for the Management of Detrusor-sphincter Dyssynergia

Vascular Stents

• Metal Stents for the Treatment of Atherosclerotic Renovascular Disease
• Indications for Stent Placement in Haemodialysis Fistulas and Grafts
• Stent Grafts in Endovascular Management of Iliofemoral Venous Occlusions Caused by Urologic Pelvic Malignancies

The Future

• Extra-anatomical Urinary Diversion
• Polymeric Endoluminal Paving: local Endo-urological Polymer Systems for Support, Barrier Creation and Site-specific Drug Delivery
• A Site-Specific Dynamic Stent for the Lower Urinary Tract

Index

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