Topical Absorption
of Dermatological Products

edited by Robert L. Bronaugh
and Howard I. Maibach

This book contains current methods of analysis for new formulations of cosmetics, perfumes, creams, and lotions.

With contributions from world-renowned experts in the field, it summarizes:

• Novel treatments for fungal nail infections
• Emerging risk assessment procedures for sunscreen products
• Real-time breath analysis and physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling (PBPK) for the examination of chemically exposed tissues
• Use of micelles, mixed micelles, liposomes, and microemulsions as effective drug delivery systems
• Modern therapeutic devices for the management of acute, subacute, and chronic steroid-responsive dermatoses

Providing state-of-the-art strategies for the control of irritation and infection, Topical Absorption of Dermatological Products is an in-depth source for dermatologists, pharmacists, pharmacologists, cosmetic scientists, biochemists, toxicologists, public health officials, manufacturers of cosmetics and toiletries, and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines.

Contents

Mechanisms of Absorption

1. Cutaneous Metabolism During In Vitro Percutaneous Absorption
2. Occlusion Does Not Uniformly Enhance Penetration In Vivo
3. Regional Variation in Percutaneous Absorption
4. Development of Skin Barrier Function in the Neonate
5. Cutaneous Metabolism of Xenobiotics
6. Percutaneous Drug Delivery to the Hair Follicle
7. In Vivo Relationship Between Percutaneous Absorption and Transepidermal Water Loss
8. Dermal Decontamination and Percutaneous Absorption

Methodology

9. In Vivo Methods for Percutaneous Absorption Measurement
10. Determination of Percutaneous Absorption by In Vitro Techniques
11. Systemic Absorption of Cutaneous Material
12. Interrelationships in the Dose-Response of Percutaneous Absorption
13. Effect of Single Versus Multiple Dosing in Percutaneous Absorption
14. Blood Flow as a Technology in Percutaneous Absorption: The Assessment of the Cutaneous Microcirculation by Laser Doppler and Photoplethysmographic Techniques
15. Drug Concentration in the Skin
16. Stripping Method for Measuring Percutaneous Absorption In Vivo
17. Interference with Stratum Corneum Lipid Biogenesis: An Approach to Enhance Transdermal Drug Delivery
18. Methods for the Assessment of Topical Corticosteroid-Induced Skin Blanching
19. Importance of In Vitro Release Measurement in Topical Dermatological Dosage Forms
20. Innovative Methods to Determine Percutaneous Absorption in Humans: Real-Time Breath Analysis and Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling
21. Calculations of Body Exposure from Percutaneous Absorption Data

Drug and Cosmetic Absorption

22. Percutaneous Penetration as a Method of Delivery to Skin and Underlying Tissues
23. Phonophoresis
24. Facilitated Transdermal Delivery by Iontophoresis
25. Percutaneous Penetration as It Relates to the Safety Evaluation of Cosmetic Ingredients
26. Percutaneous Absorption of Fragrances
27. Hair Dye Absorption
28. Percutaneous Absorption of Alpha-Hydroxy Acids
29. Optimizing Patch Test Delivery: A Model
30. Nail Penetration: Focus on Topical Delivery of Antifungal Drugs for Onychomycosis Treatment
31. Topical Dermatological Vehicles: A Holistic Approach
32. Percutaneous Absorption of Sunscreens
33. Colloidal Drug Carrier Systems
34. Alternative Therapies-Calling Up the Reserves: A Topical Nonsteroidal Formulary for the Management of Acute, Subacute, and Chronic Steroid-Responsive Dermatoses and Other Skin Afflictions
35. Ointments, Creams, and Lotions Used as Topical Drug Delivery Vehicles

Index

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