by Ronald D. Schoenwald

Features:

• Explains basic concepts necessary for adjusting dosing regimens
• Includes a solutions manual which specifically answers the questions (in detail) at the end of each chapter
• Delivers information in an easy-to-read, accessible manner
• Describes steps required to adjust dosage when the recommended manufacturer’s dose is inadequate

Pharmacokinetic Principles of Dosing Adjustments has evolved over the last twenty years from a cumulative effort to develop a professional course in pharmacokinetics that would assist future practitioners in therapeutic decision making.

This book was written for students and practitioners who may well practice in a setting that requires careful consideration to dosing parameters and, in particular, with patients that require constant monitoring of therapeutic outcomes including dosing adjustments.

Contents

1. Basic Concepts
   • Pharmacokinetic Processes
     Overview of Pharmacokinetic Processes

   • Kinetic Processes Applied to the Whole Body
     Classical Pharmacokinetic Models
     Justification for Application of a One-Compartment Model

   • Disposition Parameters of the One-Compartment Model
     Elimination Rate Constant
     Half-Life
     Volume of Distribution
     Area Under the Plasma Concentration-Time Curve
     Systematic Clearance

   • Parameters Used in Adjusting Doses
     Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and the Retrospective Approach
     Prospective Approach
     Urine Measurement of Drugs and Renal Clearance
     Dosage Adjustment in Renal Failure
     Hepatic Elimination and Dosing Adjustments

2. Parenteral Dosing Adjustments
   • Infusion
     Basic Infusion Principles
     Bolus Dose Plus Constant Rate Infusion
     Rapid Infusion Followed by Slow Infusion
     Intermittent Infusion
     

3. Oral Dosing
   • Important Parameters
     Fraction Absorbed
     Absorption Rate Constant
     Factors Affecting the Absorption of Drugs
     
   • Bioavailability/Bioequivalence
     Definitions
     Bioavailability Measurements
     Bioequivalence
     Generic Substitution
     
   • Multiple Dosing Regimens
     Superposition Principle and Multiple Dosing
     Multiple Dosing Factor
     Multiple Dosing Equations
     Accumulation
     Missed Dose
     

4. Advanced Considerations
   • Two-Compartment Model
     Volumes of Distribution
     IV Infusion: Two-Compartment Model
     Dosing Strategies
     Advanced Considerations
     
   • An Introduction to Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics
     Application to Phenytoin Dosing Regimens
     Single-Point Method
     Bayesian Approach
     

Appendix
Index

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