Practical Wastewater Treatment equips readers with the skills and knowledge needed to design a wastewater treatment plant and handle various types of industrial wastes.

Features:

• Examples and worked problems throughout the manual demonstrate how various treatment plants and treatment techniques work
• Figures and diagrams help readers visualize and understand complex design issues
• References as well as links to online resources serve as a gateway to additional information
• Practical design hints, stemming from the author's extensive experience, help readers save time and avoid unwanted and expensive pitfalls
• Clear and logically organized presentation has been developed and refined based on an AIChE course taught by the author in the United States, Mexico, and Venezuela

Contents

Effects of Pollution

• Effluent Toxicity Testing
• Oxygen Depletion—Biochemical Oxygen Demand
• Oxygen Uptake in a Stream—The Oxygen Sag Equation
• Biology of Polluted Water

Flow Measurement

• Review of Open Channel Hydraulics
• Determining Normal and Gradually Varied Flows
• Types of Flowmeters
• Weir Plates

Sampling and Statistical Considerations

• Errors in Process Measurements
• Statistical Distributions
• Lognormal Distributions
• Weibull Distributions
• Probable Error
• Repeat Measurements
• Sampling

Important Concepts from Aquatic Chemistry

• Common Ion Species
• Most Important Chemicals in the Water Environment
• Carbonate Chemistry
• Chemical Water Softening
• Excess Lime Process
• Metals Removal by Precipitation
• Heavy Metals
• Chromium Reduction and Metals Precipitation
• Silicates in Treatment Systems
• Nitrogen
• Sulfur
• Phosphorous

Elements of Biological Treatment

• BOD and COD Solids
• Suspended Solids
• Biological Growth Equation
• Biological Growth & the Monod Equation
• Principles of Biological Treatment Systems
• Activated Sludge & Its Varations
• Biological Treatment of Difficult Wastes
• Modeling the Biological Process
• Steady

Precipitation and Sedimentation

• Theory of Sedimentation
• Clarifiers and Their Design
• Lamellas and Specialty Devices

Filtration Theory and Practice

• Depth Filters Design: Theory and Practice
• Filtration Hydraulics
• Hydraulics of Filter Washing
• Skin Filters
• Filter Elements and Design

Disinfection

• Rate of Kill—Disinfection Parameters
• Status of U.S. Drinking Water
• Chlorine
• Ozone
• Ultraviolet Light
• Other Disinfecting Compounds

Nitrogen Removal

• Nitrogen Chemistry and Forms
• Ammonia Toxicity and Nitrogen Loading
• Nitrate
• Nitrogen Removals
• Mixed Media and Attached Growth Systems

Phosphorous Removal

Anaerobic Treatment

• Basic Anaerobic Processes
• Anaerobic Pretreatment
• Sludge Digestion
• Sludge Treatment
• Anaerobic Digester Model ADM1

Micro/Ultrafiltration

• Introduction to Membrane Separations and Microfiltration
• Design Values.
• Process Selection

Reverse Osmosis

• Mass Transfer Theory
• Membrane Selection
• Membrane Materials
• Membrane Configurations
• RO Design Considerations
• Design Parameters

Carbon Adsorption

• Breakthrough Curves
• The Freundlich and the Langmuir Equations
• Carbon Adsorption Physical Coefficients and Economics
• PACTTM Process

Ion Exchange

• Resins
• Selectivity
• Selectivity Coefficient
• Design Considerations

Dissolved Air Flotation and Techniques

• Design Basics for DAF
• Operating Parameters
• Electroflotation
• Electrocoagulation

Coagulation and Chemical Treatment

• Flocculation and Mixing
• Practice
• Modeling

Waste Topics

• Oily Wastewaters
• Blood and Protein
• Milk Wastes
• Refinery Wastes
• Metal Plating Wastes
• Starch Wastes
• Phenols and Chemical Plant Wastes
• Small Waste Flows

Index

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